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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Primulaverin</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Strukturformel
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<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis skin-invert-image" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
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<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>Primulaverin
</td></tr>
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<td><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td>C<sub>20</sub>H<sub>28</sub>O<sub>13</sub>
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<td>Kurzbeschreibung
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<td>
<p>Weißes Pulver<sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
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<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">
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<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
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<td><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><span class="KeinCASLink" title="CAS-Nummer ohne Common-Chemistry-Eintrag">154-61-0</span><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
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<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
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<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a> (<a href="EG-Nummer#Listennummern" title="EG-Nummer">Listennummer</a>)
</td>
<td colspan="2">690-852-5
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<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
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<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.218.237">100.218.237</a>
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<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3083558">3083558</a>
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<td><a href="ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.2340745.html">2340745</a>
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<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27236571" class="extiw external" title="d:Q27236571">Q27236571</a>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
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<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>476,43 g·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
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<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
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<td>
<p>fest<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
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<td><a href="Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt">Schmelzpunkt</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>195–197 °C (Pentahydrat)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>
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<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">
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<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">
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<td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien#Übersicht:_EU-Gefahrensymbole,_UN/GHS-Gefahrenpiktogramme,_UN/ADR-Gefahrensymbole" title="07 – Achtung"></a></span>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Achtung</b>
</p>
</td></tr>
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<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze#H-Sätze" title="H- und P-Sätze"><span style="display:inline-block;"><span style="color:#ff5400; border-bottom:1px dotted #ff5400;" title="Gesundheitsschädlich bei Verschlucken.">302</span></span></a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><i>keine P-Sätze</i><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
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<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000 hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>Primulaverin</b> ist ein natürlich vorkommendes <a href="Glycoside" title="Glycoside">Glycosid</a> der <a href="Primverose" title="Primverose">Primverose</a>. Das <a href="Aglykon" class="mw-redirect" title="Aglykon">Aglykon</a> ist der Methyl-5-Methoxysalicylat.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vorkommen">Vorkommen</h2></div>
<p>Primulaverin kommt in der <a href="Echte_Schl%C3%BCsselblume" title="Echte Schlüsselblume">Echten Schlüsselblume</a> (<i>Primula veris</i>) vor.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In geringerer Menge kommt es in der <a href="Hohe_Schl%C3%BCsselblume" title="Hohe Schlüsselblume">Hohen Schlüsselblume</a> (<i>Primula elatior</i>) vor. In beiden Pflanzen kommt das Glycosid in den Wurzeln vor, nicht aber in den Blüten.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synthese">Synthese</h2></div>
<p>Eine Synthese der Verbindung ausgehend von <a href="Salicyls%C3%A4ure" title="Salicylsäure">Salicylsäure</a> wurde veröffentlicht. Das Edukt wird zunächst in eine <a href="Azogruppe" title="Azogruppe">Azoverbindung</a> überführt und dann mit <a href="Zinn(II)-chlorid" title="Zinn(II)-chlorid">Zinn(II)-chlorid</a> zur <a href="Mesalazin" title="Mesalazin">5-Aminosalicylsäure</a> reduziert. Diese wird <a href="Diazotierung" title="Diazotierung">diazotiert</a> und mit halbkonzentrierter <a href="Schwefels%C3%A4ure" title="Schwefelsäure">Schwefelsäure</a> zur <a href="Gentisins%C3%A4ure" title="Gentisinsäure">5-Hydroxysalicylsäure</a> umgesetzt. Diese wird mit <a href="Methylsulfat" title="Methylsulfat">Methylsulfat</a> <a href="Methylierung" title="Methylierung">methyliert</a> und mit <a href="Methanol" title="Methanol">Methanol</a> / Schwefelsäure zum <a href="Methylester" title="Methylester">Methylester</a> verestert. Zur Einführung der Zuckerkomponente dient ein Derivat der <a href="Primverose" title="Primverose">Primverose</a>, das mit <a href="Acetylgruppe" title="Acetylgruppe">Acetylgruppen</a> <a href="Schutzgruppe" title="Schutzgruppe">geschützt</a> und am anomeren Kohlenstoffatom ein Bromatom trägt. Hierzu werden die beiden Edukte mit <a href="Chinolin" title="Chinolin">Chinolin</a> und <a href="Silber(I)-oxid" title="Silber(I)-oxid">Silber(I)-oxid</a> umgesetzt.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Sigma-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_1-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/SIAL/30147">Primulaverin</a></span> bei <a href="Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, abgerufen am 18. Juni 2023 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/sds/SIAL/30147?userType=anonymous">PDF</a>).<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">D. N. Chaudhury, H. I. King, Alexander Robertson: <cite style="font-style:italic">451. Syntheses of glycosides. Part XIII. Primulaverin</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="Journal_of_the_Chemical_Society_(Resumed)" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)">Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed)</a></cite>. 1948, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2220</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9480002220">10.1039/jr9480002220</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Primulaverin&rft.atitle=451.+Syntheses+of+glycosides.+Part+XIII.+Primulaverin&rft.au=D.+N.+Chaudhury%2C+H.+I.+King%2C+Alexander+Robertson&rft.btitle=Journal+of+the+Chemical+Society+%28Resumed%29&rft.date=1948&rft.doi=10.1039%2Fjr9480002220&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=2220" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Virginia Sarropoulou, Eirini Sarrou, Andrea Angeli, Stefan Martens, Eleni Maloupa, Katerina Grigoriadou: <cite style="font-style:italic">Species-Specific Secondary Metabolites from Primula veris subsp. veris Obtained In Vitro Adventitious Root Cultures: An Alternative for Sustainable Production</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Sustainability</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>15</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>3</span>, 30. Januar 2023, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2452</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032452">10.3390/su15032452</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Primulaverin&rft.atitle=Species-Specific+Secondary+Metabolites+from+Primula+veris+subsp.+veris+Obtained+In+Vitro+Adventitious+Root+Cultures%3A+An+Alternative+for+Sustainable+Production&rft.au=Virginia+Sarropoulou%2C+Eirini+Sarrou%2C+Andrea+Angeli%2C+...&rft.date=2023-01-30&rft.doi=10.3390%2Fsu15032452&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Sustainability&rft.pages=2452&rft.volume=15" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Katarzyna Bączek, Jarosław L. Przybył, Małgorzata Mirgos, Olga Kosakowska, Izabela Szymborska-Sandhu, Zenon Węglarz: <cite style="font-style:italic">Phenolics in Primula veris L. and P. elatior (L.) Hill Raw Materials</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic"><a href="International_Journal_of_Analytical_Chemistry" title="International Journal of Analytical Chemistry">International Journal of Analytical Chemistry</a></cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2017</span>, 2017, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1–7</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2017%2F2871579">10.1155/2017/2871579</a></span>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28835753?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28835753</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5557003/">PMC 5557003</a> (freier Volltext).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Primulaverin&rft.atitle=Phenolics+in+Primula+veris+L.+and+P.+elatior+%28L.%29+Hill+Raw+Materials&rft.au=Katarzyna+B%C4%85czek%2C+Jaros%C5%82aw+L.+Przyby%C5%82%2C+Ma%C5%82gorzata+Mirgos%2C+...&rft.btitle=International+Journal+of+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.date=2017&rft.doi=10.1155%2F2017%2F2871579&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=1-7&rft.pmc=5557003&rft.pmid=28835753&rft.volume=2017" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
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